The importance of gut health in animal welfare and wellbeing is undisputable.
In conclusion, the present study provides for the first time in vivo experimental evidence that L-citrulline, and not L-arginine supplementation, improves the end organ microcirculation during conditions with acute arginase-induced arginine deficiency by increasing the NO concentration in tissues. However, only the citrulline supplementation increased NO production and improved microcirculatory flow in arginase-injected mice. L-arginine and L-citrulline supplementation both enhanced plasma and tissue arginine concentrations in arginase-injected mice. Arginase injection caused a decrease in plasma and tissue arginine concentrations. The effects were measured in six groups of mice (n = 8 each) injected intraperitoneally with sterile saline or arginase (1000 IE/mouse) with or without being separately injected with L-citrulline or L-arginine 1 h prior to assessment of the microcirculation with side stream dark-field (SDF)-imaging or in vivo NO-production with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. In this study, we OPEN ACCESS Nutrients 2015, 7 5218 determined the effects of L-citrulline compared to L-arginine supplementation on arginine-nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, arginine availability and microcirculation in a murine model with acutely-enhanced arginase activity. Enhancement of arginine availability with L-arginine supplementation exhibited less consistent results however, L-citrulline, the precursor of L-arginine, may be a promising alternative.
Enhanced arginase-induced arginine consumption is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of sickle cell disease-induced end organ failure.
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